Hedging is a risk-management technique used to reduce the impact of unexpected market moves. Instead of betting everything on one direction, a trader opens a second, balancing position that gains value if the first one loses. The goal isn’t to win big on every trade — it’s to stay protected when the market moves against you. Institutions hedge constantly, because controlling losses is what keeps them in the game long enough to profit. For retail traders, hedging turns trading from a gamble on direction into a structured, defensive approach.